Index of Contents
- Introduction
- Google Map of Implemented Program Day 1 AM, AN & Day 2 AM
- Day 1 AM Hampi
- Sree Virupaksha Temple, Hampi
- Saasivekaalu Ganesha, Hampi
- Kadalekalu Ganesha, Hampi
- Sri Krishna Temple, Hampi
- Badavilinga Temple
- Laksmi Narashimha Temple, Hampi
- Yantrodharaka Hanuman Temple
- Achyutaraya Temple, Hampi
- Hazara Rama Temple
- Elephant’s Stables, Hampi
- Lotus mahal hampi
- Queen’s bath place, Hampi
- Vijaya Vitthala Temple, Hampi
- Pushkarani, Nimbapura
- Hampi Bazaar
- Day 1 AN Anegund
- Day 2
1 Introduction
Vijayanagar, the capital of one of the largest Hindu empires ever, was founded by Sangama dynasty princes Harihara and Bukka in 1336. Its power peaked under Krishnadevaraya (1509-29), when it controlled nearly the whole of the peninsula south of the Krishna and Tungabhadra rivers. Comparable to Delhi in the 14th century, the city, with an estimated population of half a million, covered 33 sq km and was surrounded by several concentric lines of fortification. Its wealth derived from the control of spice trade and the cotton industry. Its busy bazaars, described by travelers such as Portuguese Nunez and Paes, were centers of international commerce .
The empire collapsed after the battle of Talikota in 1565 when the city was ransacked by the confederacy of Deccan sultans (Bidar, Bijapur, Golconda, Ahmednagar and Berar), thus opening up southern India for Muslim conquest.The city was looted for a period of 6 months. The temples were destroyed and the markets were plundered. The golden empire had come to an end. The ruins of Hampi, as it is known today, are a vast open museum of history, architecture and religion.
The city was important not just for the traders but also for devotees and poets. There were temples built in hundreds, which stand as an evidence to the religious inclination of Hampi. Public ceremonies and festivals were celebrated in their true meaning. Names like Sheri Purandhara Dasa and Tenali Rama are linked with Hampi. Hampi is also the place where Lord Rama met Hanumantha and killed Vali in exchange for help from Sugreeva.
Hampi is spread over an area more than 25 square kilometers, Hampi ruins is packed with giant temples, palaces, market streets, aquatic structures , fortifications and an abundance of other ancient monuments.
The giant boulder strewn hills and the river that bisects make a bizarre landscape for this ancient metropolis. Together with its historic and mythological residues this rural area makes a perfect tourist spot. Hampi is in the list of UNESCO’s world heritage sites. The blog gives the details of the temples and monuments visited during the weekend 20-05-2011 to 22-05-2011
2 Google Map of Implemented Program Day 1 AM, AN & Day 2 AM
Day 1 Hampi
3.1 Sree Virupaksha Temple, Hampi
Sree Virupaksha Temple, Hampi, River Rd, Hampi, Karnataka 583239; Review: Sree Virupaksha Temple is located at , Hampi , Karnataka on the south bank of the river Tungabadra. The distance from Bangalore to Hampi is about 350 km. Hampi is a temple town in South India and is acknowledged as one of the World Heritage Sites of UNESCO.
The temple was built by Lakkan Dandesha, a nayaka (chieftain) under the ruler Deva Raya II also known as Prauda Deva Raya of the Vijayanagara Empire.It is intact among the surrounding ruins and is still used in worship . The temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva, known here as Virupaksha, as the consort of the local goddess Pampadevi who is associated with the Tungabhadra River.
Native art, craft, and culture flourished during the fourteenth century during the reign of the dynasty. But these beautiful architectures and creations were destroyed when the Vijayanagara rulers were crushed by Muslim intruders. The original worship place was only a few separate humble shrines (believed to be as old as 7th century) housing the image of the god and the goddesses. Over the centuries the temple gradually expanded into a sprawling complex with many sub shrines, pillared halls, flag posts, lamp posts, towered gateways and even a large temple kitchen. The temple’s main entrance tower through the chariot street in front popularly called the Hampi Bazaar.
This east facing giant tower (Gopura) leads to the first courtyard of the temple complex. This pastel painted 9 storied tower with a pair of cow horn like projections on top is the most prominent landmark in Hampi. The lower two tiers of the tower is made of decorated stone work. The progressively diminishing superstructure is made with brick and mortar. All around the exterior of the first tier spots many interesting stucco figures. .
The main temple is east facing and has two large courtyards, one leading to the other. One directly enters into the first courtyard through the tower mentioned above. This courtyard mainly houses a pillared hall called 100-column hall at the far left corner, Kalyanamantapa at the far right corner, administrative offices, the ticket counter, a police outpost and even an old well. A kitchen complex projects out of the compound overlapping the two courts at the south wall. A narrow passage on the wall of the 100 pillared hall gives access to the kitchen. A water channel system connected to the nearby river is built into the floor of the kitchen complex.
Just next to your left immediately after one enters, one can see the unusual triple headed Nandi (bull statue). Behind this the wall is painted with a large map of Hampi with the main attractions marked. The sanctum contains the idol of lord Virupaksha in the form of a Linga A corridor surrounds the sanctum.The two narrow porches on either sides of the inner hall can be used to get in and out of the main shrine.
Surrounding this principal shrines are the shrines of Virupakshas consort and other deities. The most important of the sub shrines are that of Goddess Pampa and Bhuvaneswari, consorts of lord Shiva, towards the north of the main shrine. These shrines are in fact much older than the rest of the grandiose structures in the compound. The short circular pillars and the doorways and the ceiling are richly carved.
The giant north tower, called Kangiri Gopura, near the main sanctum leads to the temples sacred pond, the Manmantha Tank and a series of shrines. Temple opens before the sunrise and closes in the night. Usually the sanctum is closed in the noon. So entry into the campus may not be possible at that point of time.
Surrounding the Virupaksha temple are plenty of dilapidated mandapams. There was an ancient shopping centre interlined with mandapams in front of this temple. The ruins of it stand today.
3.2 Saasivekaalu Ganesha, Hampi
Saasivekaalu Ganesha, Hampi, Krishnapura, Karnataka 583239; Review: Saasivekaalu Ganesha is situated at the foot of Hemakuta Hill. Hampi, , Karnataka. Hampi, a UNESCO world heritage site, is known for its magnificent temples and one such fine specimen is Sasivekalu Ganesha temple.
This temple is popular for its 8 ft Ganesha idol that resembles mustard seeds. Owing to its resemblance with mustard seeds, natives have named this idol as Sasivekalu Ganesha.
As per legend, Lord Ganesha is known for his love for food. Once Ganesha consumed a lot of food, due to which his stomach was on the verge of bursting. Finding no other option to stop his stomach from exploding, Ganesha caught hold of a snake and tied it around his stomach in order to prevent it from bursting open. The stomach of the deity resembles the shape of a mustard seed and hence the name as ‘sasivekalu’ means mustard seed in Kannada. This is the mythological incidence behind the existence of the snake tied around the Ganesha’s stomach, which is visible on the statue.
The idol has been carved out of a single boulder. The Ganesha is seen in a half-lotus position with four arms. The right and left hand at the upper side holds a goad and a broken tusk. The top right hand of the statue holds a sweet (modak) the left hand is portrayed with a noose. A large mandapa is covering the statue at the top with a rough wall covering pillars around it. The archaeology department has installed a huge sitemap consisting of whereabouts of the place and history of the statue.
On reaching Sasivekalu Ganesha,one will notice that the idol is surrounded by a large pavilion. As per the information provided by inscriptions, this pavilion was built in 1506 AD by a merchant from Chandragiri. He sculpted this pavilion in honour of King Narasimha II of the Vijayanagara dynasty.
3.3.Kadalekalu Ganesha, Hampi
Kadalekalu Ganesha, Hampi, Karnataka 583239 The Kadalekalu Ganesha temple is situated on the slope of the Hemakuta Hill in Hampi, Karnataka. Being situated on the slope of the Hemakuta Hill, the temple presents a mesmerizing view of the surroundings. Visitors can enjoy picturesque views of the Hampi Bazaar and the Matanga Hill while standing in the hall of the Kadalekalu Ganesha temple.
The belly of this statue resembles a Bengal gram and hence the name. which is called Kadalekalu in the local language, the statue is named as per it. It is a remarkable monolithic statue and one of the most popular tourist sites in Hampi. It is one of the largest statues that exist in Hampi.
The Ganesha statue is unique and is about 15 feet height and carved entirely from granite. One can see on the backside of the statue, one can see a giant disembodied hand supporting the Ganesha. The hand is that of Goddess Parvati, who is the temple. In asthetic terms, the craftsman depicts a huge Ganesha sitting on the lap of her mother who is also supporting his back. The clever craftsman never carved that huge Parvati but left it to the beholder’s imagination to imagine her size and greatness. Truely a wonderful structure.
The temple hall is decorated with tall and slender granite pillars standing in the hall. The pillars are decorated with various mythological characters and themes carved out on them. The cubical pillars are constructed in the typical Vijayanagara style of architecture. The open hall of the temple leads to the inner sanctum where the tall statue resides
The calm ambiance of the temple makes it a wonderful place to spend some peaceful moments admiring the beauty of the temple in particular and the surroundings in general. It is Open on all days of the week from 6:00 AM to 6:00 PM. To return to the Index of contents, Click here. Otherwise Continue
3.4 Sri Krishna Temple, Hampi
Sri Krishna Temple, Hampi, Karnataka 583239; Review: Sri Krishna Temple is located at Hampi, Karnataka .It is a notable one with unique architecture. This temple is dedicated to Lord Balakrishna, the form of Lord Krishna when he was an infant.
The Krishna Temple is also among the Group of Monuments which is currently listed as a part of the World Heritage Monuments by the UNESCO. This temple was built by the ruler Krishnadevaraya of the Vijayanagara period in the year 1513 A.D. He erected this temple in honour of winning the battle and subsequent annexure of Utkala or the eastern reign of Udayagiri. This place is currently known as Orissa.
The Krishna Temple is known for its exquisite carvings and elegant architectural designs. The King Krishnadevaraya was a lover of art and architecture and the temples and monuments constructed during his reign are famous for their architectural designs.
The main idol of the temple is that of Lord Balakrishna which is now on display in the State Museum at Chennai. The temple campus is adorned with pillared halls and many small shrines. This is one of the rare temples which have epics inscribed on the tower walls. More or less, this temple is fairly intact and stands testimony to the prosperous reign under the Vijayanagara rule.
To the east of the temple lies a hall. Banana plantations are located on the right (south) of the temple. The long pavilions in the temple were initially shops. On the left of the temple is a rocky landscape. A leisurely stroll through these structures will lead one to the temple pond. This tank is not in use anymore.
On the west side of the temple leads to view a rectangular building which may formerly be used as a granary. Interestingly this has been built in an Islamic style of architecture. Just behind the granary one can find a narrow passage of stairs which allows people to get to the top of the temple for a beautiful view. A good sight of the topography of this temple can be had from the southern part of the Hemakuta hilltops.
3.5 Badavilinga Temple
Badavilinga Temple, Hampi, Karnataka 583239; Badavilinga Temple is the largest Linga idol in Hampi. Located next to the Lakshmi Narasimha statue the Linga is housed inside a chamber with an opening in the front. A close look on this icon can reveal three eyes (depicting the three eyes of Shiva) carved on it. Legend has it that this was commissioned by a peasant woman and hence the name (Badva means poor in local tongue).
The sanctum in which the Linga is installed is always filled with water as a water channel is made to flow through it. As per legend, the River Ganga (Ganges) was brought from heaven to earth to quench the drought. But the river was so forceful that it could split the earth into two pieces if allowed to fall on earth. Lord Shiva consented to take the impact by allowing the torrent of Ganga to fall on his matted hair. Thus helping to release a smooth flowing river on to earth from his hair. As an iconic representation of this, in Siva temples you can spot a dripping pot hanged over the Linga.
Both Lakshmi Narasimha & Badavi Linga shrines can be visited together. Temple Timings are : 5:00 AM to 9:00 PM on all days of the week
3.6 Laksmi Narashimha Temple, Hampi
Laksmi Narashimha Temple, Hampi, Karnataka 583239; Review: The Lakshmi Narasimha statue is one of the most imposing sculptures found in the ruined town of Hampi. The speciality of the sculpture is that it is the largest monolith statue in Hampi. The statue is located on the southern side of the Hemakuta group of temples that stand on the Hemakuta Hill. This gigantic stone structure is considered to be among the most important monuments found in Hampi.
The Lakshmi Narasimha statue and the temple housing the statue were built in the year 1528 A.D. It was constructed during the rule of Krishnadevaraya, one of the greatest rulers of the Vijayanagara Empire. The temple is dedicated to Lord Narasimha, one of the ten avatars of Lord Vishnu, and Goddess Lakshmi. As such, the temple is known as the Lakshmi Narasimha Temple.
The original sculpture had a small figure of Goddess Lakshmi, consort of Narasimha, sitting on his lap. The gigantic statue was vandalized and mutilated in 1565 A.D. during the raid by the Mughals that led to the fall of the Vijayanagara Empire. The limbs of Narasimha’s statue were broken during the attack. The figure of Lakshmi was separated from that of Narasimha. In the process of destruction, one of the hands of Goddess Lakshmi was broken and even today the broken hand of the Goddess can be seen resting on the back of Narasimha. Now the damaged statue of Lakshmi resides at the Archaeological Museum at Kamalapura.
The Lakshmi Narasimha statue at Hampi is a brilliant work of architecture. It is a rare statue with a huge size and was crafted with great details. The statue has a height of 6.7 metres. It is one of the finest existing samples of the Vijayanagara style of architecture. The statue of Narasimha has a finely chiselled broad chest and a well-defined mane. Narasimha is adorned with a beautiful headgear and is seen seated in a cross-legged position. The sculpture portrays Narasimha sitting on the coils of Adishesha, the king of all snakes, which rises behind him with its seven hoods.
The hoods have been beautifully designed to serve as a canopy over Narasimha’s head. The sculpture is set within a Makara torana or arch. There is a lion-mask set above the hoods of Adishesha. All these features make the statue an interesting piece of architecture. The most unique feature of the statue is the bulging eyes of Narasimha. The large round protruding eyes provides the statue with an exceptional look. Though the statue of Lakshmi is no longer sitting on the lap of Narasimha, one can imagine the beauty of the complete statue in its original undamaged form.
It is really amazing to note that such a huge sculpture was crafted from a single boulder of granite. The sculpture displays the expertise of the craftsmen of that ancient era.As per legend,, Narasimha is the fourth incarnation of Vishnu and appeared on earth in the form of half human (nara) and half lion (simha). Narasimha is believed to have the face and claws of a lion, and torso and lower body of a human.
As such, the huge statue in the Lakshmi Narasimha temple of Hampi has the face of a lion and the body of a human. The mane and the wide jaw of Narasimha clearly express the features of a lion. There are two theories about the form of Narasimha portrayed through the statue. One theory suggests that the statue represents the Ugra Narasimha (fierce Narasimha) form. The reason stated is that the statue has a fierce appearance, expressed through the protruding eyes and the scary facial expression. The absence of Goddess Lakshmi beside the God also added to the relevance of this theory.
The other theory suggests that the statue represents the Malola Narasimha form. The reason stated is that in this statue Narasimha is seen with his consort Goddess Lakshmi sitting on his lap (though the figure is now damaged). Malola is a combination of two words – Ma meaning Goddess Lakshmi and Lola meaning beloved. Regardless of whatever form of Narasimha the statue represents, it is without doubt a reflection of the rich artistic heritage of the Vijayanagara Empire.
3.7 Yantrodharaka Hanuman Temple
Yantrodharaka Hanuman Temple, 8FM9+89H, Hampi, Karnataka 583239 Yantrodharaka Hanuman Temple (also known as Pranadeva Temple),is located at Hampi,on a hill on the banks of the Tungabhadra River, Karnataka.
As per some legends, this temple is built on the place where Hanuman and Lord Ram met for the first time. Others believe that Sri Vyasaraja used to pray to Lord Hanuman in this place by drawing an image of Lord Hanuman on the rocks. By the time he finished his prayers, the picture would have disappeared. When this happened for 12 days in a row, he pleaded with Lord Hanuman to appear before him. When the Lord appeared, he asked Sri Vyasaraja to constrain him in a six-sided amulet and build a temple in the area.
Dedicated to Lord Hanuman, the Yantrodharaka Hanuman Temple gets its name from the image of Hanuman placed inside an amulet. The position of Hanuman is different from any other image of Lord Hanuman that can be found in Hampi. This temple is the second most important shrine dedicated to Lord Hanuman in Hampi.
The inner sanctum contains an image of Lord Hanuman enclosed within a hexagonal amulet. Hanuman has been pictured in a meditative state. This is a marked deviation from other depictions of Lord Hanuman .Idol is depicted on a granite boulder. Hanuman is shown seated in padmasana within the center of Srichakra which is known as Yantra. His right hand is held in Vyakhyanamudra and the left hand is held in Dyanamudra. He wears Kiritamukuta, and other usual ornaments on body.
In Hampi, most depictions of Lord Hanuman show him standing with one hand raised and the other on his hip. It is only in this temple that Hanuman appears in a prayer position. In this image, Lord Hanuman’s crown has been formed by his tail.12 monkeys have been carved around this amulet. They represent the 12 days Sri Vyasaraja prayed to Lord Hanuman. Each monkey holds the tail of the monkey in front of him but is facing backward. Seed syllables have also been carved around the amulet.
Within the temple is another small temple devoted to Lord Ram. This lends credibility to the legend of Hanuman having met Lord Ram at this place. Just ahead of the temple is a fig tree. At the foot of this tree are a number of snake-stones which are sued as places of snake worship. A short climb ahead of the Temple is another small temple dedicated to an incarnation of Lord Vishnu. To return to the Index of contents, Click here. Otherwise Continue
3.8 Achyutaraya Temple, Hampi
Achyutaraya Temple, Hampi, Karnataka 583239; Review: Hampi is a small village in Northern Karnataka, come to ruins and taken as a World Heritage Site. Hampi is a well known tourist center with lot of temples and good sculptor work. Achyuta Raya temple (also known as Tiruvengalanatha Temple) is one of the famous temples in Hampi. It was builst in 1534 A.D., this temple is an example of Vijayanagara style of architecture in the most advanced forms than any other temples in Hampi. This temple was one of the last grandiose temple projects executed before the fall of the empire.
The temple is dedicated to Lord Tiruvengalanatha form of Vishnu, it was constructed by a high officer in King Achyuta Raya’s court and hence his name for the temple. The temple complex and the market which is in ruins sits in a semi made valley by the two hills the Gandhamadana and Matanga Hills. The two main ways to reach the temple are, one from the Kodanda Rama Temple or Kings Palace path which enters the Couteseans street and leads to the main tower of the Achyuta Raya Temple. Another route to the temple is to climb the steps near the Nandi (Bull) at the east of Hampi Bazaar, this is the easier and faster way to the temple.
The Achyutaraya temples feature concentric mandapas with square layout, an antarala, a sukanasi and a garbhagrihya according to early Hindu texts on temple design. It has numerous Vishnu-related themes and carvings, but includes Shaivism and Shaktism ideas. For example, the temple complex includes a Shaiva-Shakti Devi shrine in its southwest corner. The reliefs works found in the Achyutaraya Hindu temples complex show numerous asanas / poses of yoga (including Hatha yoga), musicians, dancers, daily life of the people. Also included are reliefs relating to legends found in Hindu epics and puranas.
The main shrine is located at the centre of two rectangular concentric courtyards. The inner sides of both the courtyard walls are lined with a cloisters or pillared verandah. The outer cloisters are mostly in ruins with the pillars scattered randomly along the wall base. Two huge ruined towers, one behind the other, give access to the temple courtyards.
On heading straight to the inner court there is a chamber facing the porch to the central hall. This tiny shrine chamber once enshrined an idol of Garuda, the eagle god and mount of the principal deity. The open hall just ahead spots some of the finest carved pillars in Hampi. On either side of the porch the pillars spot lion faced rampant Yalis standing on elephants. The armed soldiers riding the Yalis hold the chains hanging from the beast’s mouth. The whole theme is carved on monolithic block of rocks. Two club-holding giant doorway guard deities stand on either side of the door to the inner sanctorum. This sanctum with the circumambulatory corridor around it is empty and dark. Though harmless the noisy bats hanging inside the dark corners can scare an unsuspecting visitor.
To the west of the main shrine is the twin chambered shrine of the goddess. A close look at the carvings on the pillars in the halls can reveal many themes like lord Krishna playing flute and the calves watching it with interest, lord Vishnu blesses an elephant, the infant Krishna dances holding the snake by its tail. At the northwest corner of the outer compound, a Kalayana Mandapa (marriage hall for the annual wedding ceremony of the God and the Goddess). A water channel is seen running along the second compound. In front of the temple is the wide Courtesan’s street . A tiny exit at the northwest of the outer compound wall can take you to a boulder where a 10 handed fierce goddesses’ image is carved on the rock surface. The narrow path further winds southward and joins the path to Matanga Hill top.
3.9 Hazara Rama Temple
Hazara Rama Temple, Bellary, Karnataka 583239; Review: Hazara Rama Temple in Hampi is an important shrine in Hampi. This small but beautiful temple is located at the center of the royal area. The temple is dedicated to Lord Rama, . It was once the private temple of the kings and the royal family of Vijayanagara. The temple is famous for the lovely bas relics and panels depicting the story of the epic Ramayana.
The first thing comes to mind on seeing this temple, or more precisely its walls, is the locally popular comic strips of Hindu mythology, Ramayana. But the difference is, the stories are carved, in long arrays, onto the walls of this temple. This temple at the heart of the royal area has some peculiarities. Firstly it had been functioning as a private temple for the king, or at the most, the royal family. The importance of this temple can be judged from its nodal location in the royal area. The temple got its name Hazara Rama (a thousand Rama) Temple owing to this multitude of these Ramayana panels on its walls.
Hampi is a village in northern Karnataka, India. It is located within the ruins of the city of Vijayanagara, the former capital of the Vijayanagara Empire.Hampi is situated on the banks of the Tungabhadra river. It is 353 km from Bangalore and 74 km away from Bellary and 13 kms from Hospet. The extant monuments of Vijayanagara or Hampi can be divided into Religious, Civil & Military buildings. While most of the monuments at Hampi are from the Vijayanagara period, a small proportion may be assigned to pre-Vijayanagara times.
Hazara Rama Temple was built in the early part of the 15th century by the then king of Vijayanagara, Devaraya II. It was originally built as a simple structure. It consisted of only a sanctum, a pillared hall and an ardha mantapa. Later the temple structure was renovated to add an open porch and beautiful pillars.
The Hazara Rama Temple is a unique temple in many aspects. The first thing that draws attention about the temple is its name. The term ‘Hazara Rama’ literally means a thousand Rama and refers to the multitude of relics depicting the reigning deity of the temple.
The walls of the temple carry the story of Ramayana carved on stone. The outer walls of the temple are decorated with bas-relics of Rama and Krishna. The relics also portray processions of horses, elephants, attendants, soldiers and dancing women taking part in the Dasara festival rally at that time. The relics are among the most extensive ones to be found anywhere in India.
The temple has a sprawling lawn on its northern side. There are two huge gateways that give access to the temple compound. The interior of the temple has ornately sculpted columns. An empty pedestal with three holes signifies that the temple once had idols of Rama, Lakshmana and Sita. There is a smaller shrine inside the temple complex with similar epic wall carvings.
The only addition is that there are depictions of Lord Vishnu also on the walls of this shrine. The temple stands as an example of the excellent craftsmanship of Vijayanagara’s sculptors. Temple Timings are :from 6:00 AM to 6:00 PM on all days. To return to the Index of contents, Click here. Otherwise Continue
3.10 Elephant’s Stables, Hampi
Elephant’s Stables, Hampi, Karnataka 583239; Review: The Elephant Stable in Hampi is an impressive structure that was used to provide shelter for the royal elephants of the Vijayanagara Empire. It is part of the World Heritage-listed set of monuments at Hampi. The long, imposing structure dates from the 15th century, built to house the Vijayanagara Empire’s royal elephants. The elephant stable is located in the area that lies just outside the Zenana Enclosure.
It is one of the very few structures that have not suffered extensive damage during the Mughal attack on Hampi that led to the downfall of the Vijayanagara Empire in 1565 A.D. The ancient stable is a major attraction among the tourists even today.
This long building with a row of domed chambers was used to ‘park’ the royal elephants. There are 11 domed tall chambers; some of them are inter- connected. The center one is specially decorated and big. Probably the musicians and the associated band troupes had been using this during ceremonies involving elephant processions.
The whole building looks symmetric with respect to this central hall. The tower of the central hall resembles (though mostly destroyed) more like that of temples. However the five pairs of domes on either side are of Islamic in style. They are better preserved and of alternating patterns.
Metal hooks (used to tie the elephants) on the inside roof can be seen. At the rear of each hall are small manhole type openings for the mahouts to enter the elephant compartments. Visitor’s Timing: 8:30 AM to 5:30 PM on all days of the week
3.11 Lotus mahal hampi
Lotus mahal hampi, SH 131, Hampi, Karnataka 583239; Review: Lotus Mahal is one of the most famous architectural landmarks in Hampi. This building lies within the Zenana Enclosure, which was a segregated area used by royal women of the Vijayanagara dynasty. Also known as Kamal Mahal or Chitragani Mahal, the exquisite structure of the building boasts a central dome that is carved like a lotus bud. The passages and the balcony are also covered with a dome resembling an open lotus bud.
This falls under the secular or nonreligious categories of structures in Hampi. It’s peculiar to note that this is one of the beautiful structures that were left undamaged during the siege of the city. However there are some signs of mutilations on a few sculptures placed on the outer surface.
The curves of the palace reflect an Islamic style of architecture while the multi-layered roof design is reminiscent of Indo-style of buildings. The palace is a two-storeyed structure and has been symmetrically designed. Surrounded by a rectangular wall, it has four towers in a pyramidal shape that look like a lotus as well. The walls and pillars both have beautiful carvings of birds and sea creatures on them.
Zenana enclosure was a secluded area reserved for the royal women. Zenana Enclosure in general would refer to the Queen’s enclosure along with the servant’s quarters around and private temples. This walled harem houses many interesting highlights. The major attraction is the Lotus Mahal located at the southeast corner.
3.12 Queen’s bath place, Hampi
Queen’s bath place, Hampi, Karnataka 583239 Queen’s bath place is located at Hampi, Karnataka It is a colossal bath that exemplifies the architectural excellence prevalent during the days of the Vijayanagara Empire. It is located close to the entrance of the Royal Enclosure in Hampi.
This is the first ruined structure you would see when you enter into the Royal center from the Kamalapura-Hampi main road Constructed during the reign of the Vijayanagara Empire, the Queen’s Bath impresses visitors even today, more than 500 years after it was built.The whole building is made with a veranda around facing a big open pond at the middle. Projecting into the pond are many balconies. An aqueduct terminates in the pond.
The Queen’s Bath is believed to be constructed by Achyuta Raya for the women of the royal family of Vijayanagara. Though named as the Queen’s Bath, it was in all probability used as the private bathing chamber of the king and his queens. It is also believed that the lavish bath was a royal pleasure complex. This belief is due to the location of the bath, which is outside the Royal Enclosure.
The Queen’s Bath is an elaborate structure with a simple exterior and an ornate interior. Built in the Indo-Islamic style of architecture, this striking enclosed space is designed to be unique than any other private or public bath in Hampi. The Queen’s Bath is a rectangular building. The structure has an area of 30 square metres. A large sunken bath constructed in the centre of the structure has an area of 15 square metres and a depth of 1.8 metres. The bath is surrounded by beautiful arched corridors having pillars and projecting ornate balconies with windows.
Each arched bay surrounding the bath is decorated with intricate carved stucco ornamentation on the ceilings and the vaults placed above the arched bays. There are stone steps that lead down to the floor of the bath. However, there is no ceiling over the bath and it is open to the sky. Hampi has an ostentatious network of aqueducts and canals that were built to provide water to the buildings, tanks, baths and temples during the ancient days. Like other public baths in Hampi the Queen’s Bath is also connected to an aqueduct for fresh water supply. The building has a moat surrounding it on all sides.
There is a bridge to cross the moat and reach the bath. It is believed that the moat was designed to prevent anyone from entering the building while the bath was in use The Queen’s Bath is an empty structure now. Its walls have lost their shine. The building has lost its glory. The floor of the bath has some empty sockets that were once used to support pillars. These pillars are believed to have been part of a canopy that was destroyed during the Mughal attacks on Hampi. Timing: 6:00 AM to 6:00 PM on all days of the week
3.13 Vijaya Vitthala Temple, Hampi
Vijaya Vitthala Temple, Hampi, Karnataka 583239; Review: The Vittala Temple or Vijaya Vitthala Temple in Hampi is an ancient monument and one of the most splendid of temples at Vijayanagar that is well-known for its exceptional architecture and unmatched craftsmanship. It is one of the largest and the most famous structure in Hampi. The temple is located in the north eastern part of Hampi, near the banks of the Tungabhadra River.
Hampi, now in ruins is the site of the ancient city of Vijayanagar, capital of the Vijayanagar empire (founded under the spiritual guidance of Vidyaranya of Sringeri in early 14th century) ) which brought about a renaissance of indigenous art and culture, as it defended the region against the plundering armies from elsewhere.
Much of Vijayanagar is now in ruins, as when the rulers were defeated at the hands of the invaders at the battle of Talikota in the 16th century, most of the marvelous structures and edifices were systematically destroyed by the Mohameddans..
The temple is built in the form of a sprawling campus with compound wall and gateway towers. There are many halls, pavilions and temples located inside this campus.. Vitthala – Vishnu is enshrined in this temple. The mahamandapam of this temple, in front of the sanctum – enclosed in the inner courtyard is of great beauty. It’s base is chiseled with friezes of the swan, the horse and the warrior. At intervals, there are projections with bas reliefs portraying the deification of the ten avataras of Vishnu.
The steps on the east of the mahamandapam are flanked by an elephant balustrade. The facades are lined with forty pillars, each over 10 feet in height. Each group of pillars has a central pillar with slender shafts around. The center of the Mahamandapam has sixteen pillars decorated with Narasimha and Yali, forming a rectangular court. The ceiling of the Mahamandapam is also covered with sculptural work.
The stone chariot in this temple is of great fame. Its stone wheels, each shaped in the form of a lotus, are capable of revolving. It represents the sprakling creativity of the artistes of the fifteenth century. Temple chariots are often mobile reproductions of a temple. The stone chariot here is in turn a static version of the mobile temple
In front of the chariot two elephants are positioned as if they are pulling the chariot. In fact these elephants where brought from elsewhere and positioned here at a later stage. Originally two horses were carved in that position. The tails and the rear legs of the horses can be still seen just behind these elephant sculptures. A broken stone ladder once gave access to the sanctum is kept between the elephants.
The main hall in front of the Vittala temple. though partially damaged is still awe inspiring. Facing the Stone Chariot, a series of steps flanged by elephant balustrades gives access to this elevated open hall called the Maha-Mantapa (the great hall). The balustrades on the east and west porch of this hall is more dramatic with giant lion Yalis fighting the relatively dwarf elephants. The Maha-Mantapa stands on a highly ornate platform. This fluted platform is carved with a series of floral motifs. The lowermost of it is a chain of horses, its trainers and the traders.
The Maha-Mantapa contains four open halls within. The south, north and the east ones are still intact. The central western hall is collapsed, probably due to the arson that followed the fall of the capital.
The main highlight of the Maha-Mantapa is its richly carved giant monolithic pillars. The outermost of the pillars are popularly called the musical pillars. These slender and short pilasters carved out of the giant pillars emit musical tones when tapped. Probably these do not belong to any of the standard musical notes, but the musical tone of the vibes earned it’s the name. Unmindful curiosity of the visitors has damaged many of these pilasters and tapping on it is banned for the sake of preservation.
3.14 Pushkarani, Nimbapura
Pushkarani, Nimbapura, Karnataka 583239; Review: Pushkaranis are sacred tanks attached to temples. Most of the large temples in Hampi has a tank attached to it. The tanks cater to the ritual and functional aspects of the temple and life surrounding it. Symbolically too these tanks are significant and treated with great respect. In many cases the sacred tanks were the venue for the annual boat festival, where the images of the god and goddess is taken on a coracle.
In Hampi baring a few many of the tanks are in ruined state. However they are great architectural attractions in its own rights. Though it was hopelessly destroyed (or never got completed ), the Pushkarani at the end of Courtesans’ Street is worth visiting. Look for this on your right as you enter the Courtesans’ Street from the riverside. The archeology department has restored this ruined pond to some extend. You can see the remains of the colonnade once stood around the massive rectangular tank. So is the remains of the pavilion at the center of the tank. There is no water in the tank, so one can even see the details of the base and the gallery like steps around the tank.
A better preserved specimen of the sacred tank is located near the Vittala Temple. This is located a little east of the temple complex. From Vittala temple walk along the car street (Vittala Bazaar), one can find the tank just opposite to a ruined temple marked as Kuduregombe Mantapa.
The Pushkarani associated with Virupaksha Temple is functional. This is located just outside the northern tower (river facing). This massive tank is called Manmantha Tank. You’ll also find a series of shrines (many are older than the Virupaksha Temple itself) facing this tank ( See also Manmatha Tank Shrines). The steps and the walls are painted with that characteristic red and ochre stripes. There is small but great looking tank at the west of (behind) Virupaksha Temple.
One can also find many temple tanks scattered in the Royal Center area. Though it is not associated with any temple, the most popular is the so called Stepped Tank located inside the Royal Enclosure. There is a dry but peculiar looking tank near the flag post near the Hazara Rama Temple.
Another easy to reach temple tank is the one infront of the Krishna Temple. Just cross the road and walk a minute along the Krishna Bazaar, you’ll see it by the side if this ancient car street, also called as the Krishna Bazaar. Near Pattabhirama Temple, there is a massive temple tank. The pavilions are destroyed, but one can still see the series of pillars part of the colonnade surrounded the tank.
3.15 Hampi Bazaar
Hampi Bazaar, 8FM7+JPX, Hampi, Karnataka 583239 Hampi Bazaar, is located at , Hampi, Karnataka.Hampi Bazaar is a unique attraction of Hampi. Located in front of the Virupaksha Temple, the Hampi Bazaar is a well-known market place that spreads for more than one kilometer. The road passing through the market has series of old pavilions on both sides.
The place used to be a thriving market during the days of the Vijayanagara Empire. Though the market has lost much of its sheen and significance, it is still popular among the tourists.
Hampio was not just the largest Hindu empire of its time, but was also one of the largest trading centers of the world. The markets in Hampi were always crowded with merchants from all over the world to barter their goods in exchange of spices and cotton, grown abundantly in the area. Rubies, diamonds and all precious stones were sold on the streets in the scale of seers (litre like measurement, commonly used even today in many parts of rural India). Gold and silver were the currencies.
The Hampi Bazaar was once the centre of flourishing trade. It was a well-planned market area. The series of pavilions had an organized structure. Some of the pavilions were two stories. It also had the residences of many rich and important people of that era. It was a market that catered to the demands of the rich people as well as the general masses. Today what remains at Hampi Bazaar is just a shadow of its glorious past.
The Hampi Bazaar is also known as the Virupaksha Bazaar. The Hampi Bazaar still functions as a market place, though it is no longer as attractive as it was in the bygone era. One can still see the old pavilions lining the street on both sides. However, the west end of the street has been encroached by a number of shop owners and small restaurants. Open on all days of the week from 6:00 AM to 11:00 PM. To return to the Index of contents, Click here. Otherwise Continue
4.1 Anjanadri Hill, Hanumanahalli
Anjanadri Hill, Hanumanahalli, Karnataka 583227 ; Review: The Anjaneyadri hill in Hampi lies in the centre of Anegondi area, Karnataka . It is located at a distance of about 5 km from the historical site of Hampi. It is believed to be the birthplace of Lord Hanuman. Anjaneri Hills of Trimbakeshwar, Nashik District of Maharashtra state is also considered as a birth place of lord Hanuman. Hanuman was born to Anjana and thus Hanuman was also called as Anjaneya, and his birthplace Anjaneyadri (Anjana’s Hill).
Anjeyanadri Hill is surrounded by lovely plantain and paddy fields. There are more than 550 steps to reach the summit of the hill. Though the climb involves a large number of steps, it is quite safe to ascent the hill due to the presence of the stone stairs.The hill has a white washed Hanuman temple at the top.
The temple has a rock carved idol of Lord Hanuman. There are also shrines of Lord Rama and Sita and Anjana Devi temple in the same vicinity. The hill has a unique charm and the natural beauty of the surroundings attracts a lot of visitors to the site. The place is also a well-known pilgrimage center of the Hindus.
A cool breeze helps visitors in their climb. But the main attraction is the view of the surrounding that the hill offers. The sight of the valley and the Tungabhadra River flowing below offers a mesmerizing sight. There are plenty of monkeys to be found on the hill. The congregation of monkeys can be seen near the Hanuman temple at the top as well. .Must visit the Hanuman temple in the Anjaneya Hill.
4.2 Sri Mahabali Hanuman Mandir, Hanumanahalli
Sri Mahabali Hanuman Mandir, Hanumanahalli, Karnataka 583227; Review: Sri Mahabali Hanuman Mandir is located at , Hanumanahalli, Anegund Karnataka . The world famous Hampi is not just known for its monuments but also its relation to mythology. It is believed that Anegundi near Hampi was the region of Kishkinda (in Ramayana). It was supposed to be the monkey kingdom which was ruled by King Vali and his brother Sughriva.
Anegundi is said to be older than Hampi which also has the archeaological remnants of pre-historic age. Anjanadri Hill which was earlier part of Kishkinda region is said to be the place where Lord Hanuman was born. One can actually climb this hill with the stairs taking to the summit. One can see the Rishimukha or Rishyamukha Hill, Hampi and Tungabhadra river from the top of the hill. The hill is also the abode of many monkeys who’ll accompany through your journey to the summit!
Anjanadri is said to be named after Lord Hanuman’s mother Anjana Devi. In fact, Lord Hanuman is also known as Anjaneya (South India) as he is the son of Anjana Devi On top of Anjanadri there is a temple dedicated to Lord Hanuman and his mother.
Rishimukha Hill is also believed to a prominent place in Ramayana. It is in this place where Lord Hanuman meets Lord Rama who will be in search of Sita. Pre-Historic Sites at Anegundi Another major attraction in Anegundi is the age old colony of Maurya Mane. Maurya Mane is a stone age colony which has the paintings of neolithic age. In fact, Anegundi has archaeological evidences of human civilizations of Microlithic, Megalithic and Neolithic age.
The icon of Hanuman is carved on the rock. Also is the small shrine for Rama and Sita inside the temple.The view from the hilltop is marvelous. Patches of paddy fields looks like a solved jigsaw puzzle, coconut tree plantations and the whole of the ruins sites is visible stretching into the horizon. Looking at the ruins from here you would know the reason why they chose this place as their capital. All around in the horizons are the rugged rocky mountains and at one side in the mighty Tungabhadra river. It was a naturally secluded strategically important location for a capital city.
4.3 Chinthamani Temple, Anegundi
Chinthamani Temple, Anegundi, Karnataka 583227; Review: Chintamani Temple is Lord Shiva Temple situated in Anegudi, Hampi. This temple is famous for it houses the spot from where Ram had aimed and shot his arrow to kill Baali during his fight with Sugreev. This is an ancient temple Temple is situated on the bank of Tungabhadara River and one can climb down to reach the river. There are stones lined up on the stone where one can sit and enjoy the river views.
Temple Complex also houses the cave where Ram and Sugreev had discussed their strategy on how Baali can be killed. It is right next to the spot from where Ram shot arrow to kill Baali. One can walk up small stairs to reach this calm and cold stone cave.
It is another treasure trove of ancient history and reminder of the glory of Krishnadevaraya and the Vijayanagar empire. This place is believed to be the maternal home of Bhooma Devi and during Ramayana times, this was Kishkinda, the kingdom of Vaali and Sugreeva.
The Chintamani temple complex houses the cave in which Rama met Sugreeva for the first time to seek support in finding is also here. The locals believe thatthe ashes of Vaali and some bonescan still be found at the place wherehe was cremated in Nimmapuram
This place is called Chintamani as itwas here that Lord Rama metHanuman for the first time alongwith Sugreeva and gave him a jewelto identify Hanuman as hismessenger when he met Sita. TheChintamani temple wassubsequently developed by a Saintwho stayed here for several years.He has created a Sivalingam andAnnapurani housed under abeautiful Rudraksha Mandapam and a Sree Chakram has also been installed here. It isbelieved that the saint one day went into the cave at the base of this temple and never cameout.
4.4 Pampa Sarovar, Hanumanahalli
Pampa Sarovar, Hanumanahalli, Karnataka 583227; Review: Pampa Sarovar is a lake on south of Tungabhadra River in Koppal district of Karnataka. It is considered as sacred pond by Hindus as it is one of the five holy sarovar (lakes) in India. The other four are Manasa Sarovar in Tibet, Pushkar Sarovar near Ajmer in Rajasthan, Narayana Sarovar and Bindu sarovar in Gujarat.
In Hindu mythology Pampa Sarovar is regarded as the place where Pampa (Parvati) performed penance to show her devotion to Shiva. It finds a mention in Ramayana as the place where Sabari, a devotee of Rama waited for his arrival since a long time.
Pampa Sarovar is hidden in the midst of a valley on road leading to Anegundi from Hospet. It is full of lotus leaves widely spread all over the tank . . On one side Mother Goddess Lakshmi temple and Lord Shiva temple are facing the pond. The mango tree standing next to it looks as if sheltering a Ganesh temple. The colourful mountains are like forts around the pond.
The epic Ramayana refers Pampa Sarovar as the spot where Rama met Sabari then she suggested him to meet Sugriva in Kishkinda near Pampa sarovar. She was disciple of sage Matunga. Rama came to her hermit to receive her benevolence. He was in quest of his wife who was kidnapped by demon Ravana. Sabari believed to have lived in the hermit of her guru, Matunga at Matunga Parvat in Hampi. This spot is more ancient than many other temples in Hampi.
Vividly painted modern musical equipment in the temple courtyard is interesting. We might see this type combined musical instrument played at the time of Mangalarathi time in all most all the temples in the present days. The passage around the pond speaks of its systematic maintenance.
Anjaneya Hill is closed to Pampa Sarovar. Hanuman temple is on the top of Anjaneya hill. There is a story of Sabari, the grand old saintly woman who was waiting for Sri Rama’s arrival and gave him fruits to eat etc. The priests here say that this was the place where Sabari episode took place. Thereafter Sabari took the form of river called Sabari River flowing from there to join River Godavari.
There is yet another Pampa sarovar and Sabari hermit in Dang district of Gujarat The hermit of Sabari is situated on ‘Chamak Dungar’ hill at 4km from Subir village on Ahwa-Navapur road.
The temple of Sabarimata is believed to be the place where Lord Rama met Sabari. It was here that Sabari offered tasted berries to Lord Rama. One can see three stone-seats on which Lord Rama, Laxman and Sabari sat.
4.5 Durga Temple, Anegundi
Durga Temple, Anegundi, Karnataka 583227; Review: Maa Durga Temple in Anegundi, Hampi is a beautiful site with colourful clothes hanging from the tress tied by people for blessings. This is one of the top Hampi temples located on Hippie side. Vijayanagara kings used to worship in the temple before every battle.
A set of stairs leads to the entrance of the temple. Place is super clean and very well maintained. All vehicles are parked down at the entrance only and one has to climb the stairs to reach the temple. Temple is all thronged with devotees and tourists. There is also a cave further up on the hill which you can easily walk up to.
Key attraction of the temple is the stone that revolves in clockwise direction when you put your hands on it. Actually it does not revolve for all. So, you have to put your both hands on the stone, close your eyes and wish something. Stone will revolve only if your wish would be granted and to our surprise, it revolved for some (means wish granted) and did not revolve for some unlucky ones.
Located on a small hillock, and almost out of sight from the road, the temple is dedicated to the Goddess Durga. However, since this temple is situated at the base of a fort, it is also believed to derive its name from the local word for fort, which is ‘Durg’. At one time, it seems to have been a deity installed by the kings for the protection of the fort. The temple is a small one, and was largely ignored by the local populace after the decline of the Vijayanagar Empire.
A wandering hermit took up the temple as his abode, re-started the prayers, and even convinced the people to contribute to its upkeep. Along with the increase in funds came greed, and one of the local merchants attempted to steal the temple’s money. Almost at once, he was killed in a gruesome manner, which reinforced the locals’ belief in the deity, and today, the temple is quite a popular one, and actually quite well maintained. To return to the Index of contents, Click here. Otherwise Continue
5.1 Ranganathaswamy Temple, Anegundi
Ranganathaswamy Temple, Anegundi, Karnataka 583227; Ranganathaswamy Temple, is located at Anegundi, Karnataka .
In the early 14th century, Anegundi (elephant enclosure) got its name from the Vijayanagar army which had its elephant contingent in the hilly environs of the fortified capital Anegundi located onthe banks of the Tungabhadra. The very first capital of Vijayanagar dynasty, Anegundi was also the capital of several dynastic rulers. This region was ruled by the Shahi dynasty of Bijapur, Moghuls, Marathas and also Tipu Sultan during the 16th, .17th and 18th centuries. During the British rule, the king of Vijayanagar who ruled from Hampi lost his kingdom according to the 1824 treaty with the British and the Nizam of Hyderabad.
Mythology has it that Anegundi was Anjanadri hill, the birthplace of Lord Hanumantha. It was also Kishkinda ruled by Vanara kings Vali and Sugriva of the epic, Ramayana. Ranganathaswamy temple is an ancient temple in Anegundi ; There is a Raghavendra Mutt nearby where one can stay. Must visit the ancient Ranganathaswamy temple .
5.2 Navabrindavana
Navabrindavana, Sri Padmanabha tirtha moola brindavana, Hampi Rd, Anegundi, Karnataka 583227; Review: Navabrundaavana (also known as Navavrundhaavana and Navabrindavan is a small island situated nearby to Anegundi of Koppal District. Anegundi is 20 K.ms away from Gangavathi., near Hampi, Karnataka, .From Anegundi one has to cross River Tungabhadra by boat to reach Navabrindavana. It contains the Brundaavanas of nine Hindu Madhva saints, who belong to the Sri Uttaradi Math, Sri Raghavendra Math, Sri Vyasaraja Math and the Sri SriPadaraja mutt and Other Various Prominent Madhwa Mutts followers of Madhvacharya, and predecessors of Sri Raghavendra..It is located on an island in the Tungabhadra River The nine saints are : Shri Padmanabha Tirtha, direct disciple of Jagadguru Shri Madhvacharya, Shri Kavindra Tirtha, Shri Vagisha Tirtha, Shri Raghuvarya Tirtha, Shri Vyasatirtha, Shri Sudhindra Tirtha,Guru of Mantralaya Shri Raghavendra Tirtha, Shri Srinivaasa Tirtha, Shri Raama Tirtha, Shri Govinda Vodeyaru.
This is one of the most holy spots for Madhwas as it contains the Brindavanas (final resting place of nine Madhwa saints). The Brindavana of Vyasa Theerta is at the centre while the Brindavana of other eight saints are in a rough circle. There is a yellow line drawn around the periphery of the Brindavanas. One has to go in a boat or Theppa from Hampi to visit Nava Brindavana. It is located east of Anegundi, which was the earlier capital of the Vijayanagar dynasty before it was shifted to Hampi. One can catch a ferry either from Gangavathi side or Hampi side (Talagarighatta Gate).
It is on this island that Vyasa Raja in his earlier avatar as Prahalada had meditated to get rid of his dosha of getting his father, Hiranyakashapyu, killed by Lord Narasimha. Some of the saints who have visited Nava Brindavana are Raghavendra Swamy and Raghuttama Tirtha among others and Purandara Dasa and Kanaka Dasa.
Padmanabha Theertha is the first Madhwa saint to enter Brindavana at Nava Brindavana . He was the first disciple of the Madhwacharya. and He also ascended the Dwaitha throne after Madhwacharya. His original name was Shobana Bhatta. He was a well-known logician of his times and he lost a marathon debate to Madhwacharya after which he converted to Dwaitaism.He was regarded highly by the fifth head of the Dwaitha Samrajya.
The second Brindavana here is that of Kavindra Theertha. He is believed to be the brother of Rajendra Theertha, the founder of Vyasaraja Matha. He was earlier known as Vasudeva Shastry. The first bifurcation of the Padmanabha Theertha paramapara or Peetha took place when Vidyadhiraja handed over the reins to Kavindra Theertha. Vidhyadhiraja Theertha had appointed Rajendra Theertha as his successor.
Vageesha Theertha’s Poorvashrama name was Raghunathacharya. He was one of the greatest scholars of his time. He was the third Madhwa saint to enter Brindavana at Nava Brindavana. He was the successor of Kavindra Theertha. He entered Brindavana sometime in 1406.
A renowned scholar, Vyasa Theertha or Vyasa Raja was the Raja Guru of six Vijayanagar Emperors, including Krishnadevaraya. He had a large number of disciples including Vadiraja Tirtha.He encouraged Purandara Dasa and Kanaka Dasa in penning Haridasa Sahitya. He was the Chancellor of the Vijayanagar University which had 11,000 students.He consecrated 732 idols of Hanuman in India. His guru was Brahamanya Theertha of Abbur, while his Vidya Guru was Sripadaraja of Mulabagal.
Vyasa Raja was the earlier avatar of Raghavendra Swamy. His works are considered to be among the most significant in Madhwa literature. Some of his works include Nyayamritam Tarkatandava Tatparya Chandrika.He entered Brindavana in 1539 when Achyuta Deva Raya was the Emperor of Vijayanagar.
Srinivasa Theertha succeeded Vyasa Theertha to the Vyasaraja Matha. He was also the Raja Guru of Achuta Deve Raya. He has written a book on Vyasa Theertha. This book along with accounts of Portuguese travelers to Vijayanagar and a biography by Somanatha, a Smartha Brahmin during the period of Krishna Deve Raya, give us a lot of information about Vyasa Raja.
Rama Theertha followed Srinivasa Theertha to the Peetha of Vyasaraja Matha.It was during the period of Rama Theertha that the first split of the Vyasa Raja Matha took place. Both Lakshmikantha Theertha and Sridhara Theertha took Sanyas from Rama Teertha. Thus the Abbur Matha or Kundapur Matha and Sosale Matha came into existence.
Sudheendra Theertha was the Guru of Shri Raghavendra Swamy. He was also the “Shishya” given to Vijayeendra Theertha by Vyasa Raja himself. He was an unmatched scholar and he shared a close relationship with Vijayeendra Theertha. Some of the books written by him are: Sadukthi Rathnakara (Tarkathandava Vyakhya), Apastamba Shulbasootrapradepa, Commentary on second and 11th Skandas of Bhagavatha Literary Books, Subhadra Parinaya, Vyasarajabhyudaya,Amruthaharana, Dayalu Shathaka, Vairagyatharanga, Alankara Manjaree, Alankaranishaka and Sahitya Samrajya.He was the Raja Guru of Raghunatha Bhoopala of Tanjore. Raghavendra Swamy himself made arrangements for the Brindavana Pravesha of Sudhindra Theertha.
Govinda Odeyar was a disciple of Vyasa Theertha. He was an Advaitha scholar and he entered into a debate with Vyasa Theertha and lost. He accepted the Dwaitha way of life and joined the large number of disciples of Vyasa Theertha. He entered Brindavana at Nava Brindavana much earlier than Vyasa Theertha. He did not belong to any Matha but he was a Bidi (Independent) Sanyasi.Apart from these Brindavanas, the final resting place of Narahari Theertha, the second pontiff of the Dwaitha Samrajya after Padmanabha Theertha is at Chakra Theertha in Hampi.
As a remedy for the people’s trouble in child birth (also called barrenness), it is suggested that they visit the Navabrundhaavana and perform Sankalpa Parihaara (a kind of Prayer) while walking around the nine tombs (without crossing the yellow line) twelve times and light a lamp using pure cow ghee at the Shreenivaasa Shrine within the Navabrundhaavana. This will resolve the astrological barrier (Dosha) on child birth.
There are also shrines to Lord Ranganatha and Lord Hanuman inside the premises. This idol of Hanuman installed here by Sri Vyasaraja is indeed unique. It depicts the three avatars – Hanuma, Bheema, Madhva in one form. The face is like Hanuman, the arms and shoulders well – rounded and muscular with the Gadhayudha symbolises Bheema, the avatar of Hanuman in the next yuga and the manuscripts in his hand symbolises Madhvacharya.
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